Enhancement of Rat Bone Marrow Stem Cells Using Nanomaterials

Abdellateef, Manar M.S.; Abdalla, Mohga S.; Abou Zahra, Fatma; Abdel Moneim, Ahmed E.; Hussein, Marwa M.

doi:10.21608/eajbsc.2025.450060

Enhancement of Rat Bone Marrow Stem Cells Using Nanomaterials

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Chemistry Department, biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.

² Follow of Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture. Medical Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams Research Institute (MASRI), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

³ Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.

10.21608/eajbsc.2025.450060

Abstract

Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) exhibit considerable potential for regenerative medicine; nevertheless, their clinical utilization is constrained by invasive extraction techniques and suboptimal cell yields. This study examines the potential of nanomaterials to enhance the viability and functionality of BMSCs, offering a non-invasive and secure alternative to conventional methods. We extracted and cultured bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) from adult male Western Albino rats and assessed their responsiveness to selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and melatonin by cell viability assays (MTT). The results indicated that SeNPs markedly enhanced BMSC viability (p < 0.001) relative to control groups, with peak effects noted at 48–72 hours. A morphological study verified the effective proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs, achieving 95–100% confluence within 10 days. These data indicate that nanomaterials, especially SeNPs, can improve BMSC functionality by altering the stem cell microenvironment. Further study is required to clarify the underlying principles and enhance nanoparticle formulations for therapeutic applications. This study underscores the capacity of nanotechnology to enhance stem cell-based therapeutics for bone repair and other regenerative applications.

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