Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Intermediate and pharmaceutical compounds associated with fermentation of spoilage date fruits by Hanseniaspora guilliermondii KKUY-00451121604210.21608/eajbsc.2014.16042ENMohamedHashem- Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Faculty of Science, Biology Department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaAbd El-LatifHesham-Faculty of Science, Biology Department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Agriculture, Genetics Department, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptSaad A.AlamriFaculty of Science, Biology Department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaSulaiman A.AlrummanFaculty of Science, Biology Department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20181006The aim of this study was to determine the<br />intermediate chemical compounds during the fermentation of spoilage date juice<br />(SDJ) by newly isolated yeast strain <em>Hanseniaspora guilliermondii</em> KKUY-0045.<br />This yeast strain was identified based on sequence<br />of the variable D1/D2 domain of the large subunit<br />(26S) ribosomal DNA and comparing it with similar sequences in the Genbank database.<br />Phylogenetic analysis using rDNA sequences indicated that strain KKUY-00045 shared one cluster<br />with <em>Hanseniaspora guilliermondii. </em>In 7-L fermenetor, this strain<br />produced 87.74 g/L of ethanol after 3 days of<br />incubation. The chemical analysis of the cell free extract of the yeast<br />strain grown on the SDJ by using GC-MS revealed the presence of some important<br />chemical compound such as pregnane and nonacosane that could be used in the<br />medical and pharmaceutical industries. The study recommends extensive studies<br />to discover the chemicals associated with fermentation process and their<br />industrial role.https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16042_15aca46b327dd1ef1e80e7a8e5b3b8dd.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Hepatitis B Vaccine Reduced the Prevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis B Core Antigen in Blood Donors in Aseer Region,Saudi Arabia13221604310.21608/eajbsc.2014.16043ENEssam H.Ibrahim- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Blood Products Quality Control and Research, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo, Egypt.Saad M.Bin DajemDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi ArabiaAbdulaziz AHeijanBlood Bank, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi ArabiaHala F.Hadish- Blood Bank, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Hematology, Teshreen Hospital, Damascus, SyriaYasser A.ZaharBlood Bank, Abha General Hospital, Abha , Saudi ArabiaAliAlshehriDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi ArabiaMonaKilany- Department of Microbiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, EgyptOsama M. S.MostafaDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, EgypJournal Article20181006<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Viral hepatitis is one of the major problem<br />worldwide. The detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg),<br />antibodies to HBV core antigen (HBc-Ab), and HBV-DNA in donated blood in Aseer<br />Region (Southern part of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) to detect prevention of the<br />residual risk of transfusion transmitted HBV, donors in window period of HBV<br />infection and the prevalence of HBV infection was attempted. The study was<br />conducted on random blood samples collected from healthy blood donor<br />volunteers, who were referred to blood transfusion centers found at Aseer region,<br />during the period from March 2012 to January 2013. All the collected blood<br />units were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HBc,<br />hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 and 2, human<br />T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) I/II, venereal disease research laboratory<br />(VDRL), and malaria. All donated blood samples were checked for HBV-DNA,<br />HCV-RNA, and HIV-RNA by nucleic acid test (NAT) technology. Of 6698 (19 females<br />(0.28%) and 6679 males (99.72)) blood donors screened, with median age of 28<br />(female) and 30 years (males), 69 (1.03%) were HBsAg positive of them 64 (0.96)<br />were positive to HBV-DNA, 411 (6.14%) were anti-HBc positive of them 73 (1.09%)<br />were positive to HBV-DNA. Cases positive to both HBsAg and HBc-Ab were 68 (1.02%)<br />of them 63 (0.94%) were positive to HBV-DNA. All HBsAg and HBc-Ab positive<br />cases were shown to be among male volunteers. In conclusion, prevalence of<br />HBsAg in Asser region is very low. The rate of HBc-Ab in units of blood<br />donation is relatively high. The presence of HBV-DNA in HBc-Ab positive<br />donations makes it risky for use. Vaccination program against HBV decreased the<br />rate of HBV transmission. </span>https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16043_741a19667c4290b0548f6241bcc1f247.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Biochemical effects of Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema riobrave and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on Spodoptera littoralis larvae23341604410.21608/eajbsc.2014.16044ENNaglaa F.Ahmed- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt.
- Biology Department ,Faculty of science ,King Khalid University ,Abha- KSAAmna M. H.MakladPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, EgyptSamia A.YassinPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, EgyptShaker M.AbolmaatyThe Central laboratory for Agriculture Climate, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20181006In the present study, the infectivity of the three entomopathegnic nematodes, <em>Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema riobrave</em> and <em>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora</em>, on the cotton leafworm, <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> was studied. Moreover, the effect of these pathogens on certain biochemical and physiological aspects of the host was also studied. <em>H. bacteriophora</em>, appeared to be more pathogenic than <em>S. riobrave</em> and <em>S. feltiae</em> to the <em>S. littoralis</em> larvae.
The highest production (7000 infective juveniles) was obtained, where infective juvenile production from cadavers infected with <em>H. bacteriophora</em> was higher than that produced from cadavers infected with <em>S. riobrave</em> and <em>S. feltiae</em>.
The principle nutrients (total protein, carbohydrate and lipid) of the host larvae were highly decreased post-infection with the nematodes <em>S. riobrave</em> and <em>H. bacteriophora.</em>
The activity of some larval enzymes was also affected due to infection by these nematodes. Thus, the activity of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (amylase, invertase and trehalose) changed depending on the species of the pathogen and the enzyme. Amylase activity decreased with the infection by <em>H. bacteriophora</em>, and the reverse was obtained with the infection by <em>S. riobrave</em> and <em>S. feltiae</em> where such activity increased. Invertase and Trehalase activity increased with the infection by three nematode species. The highest increase was obtained in case of infection by <em>S. riobrave</em>. Activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases increased due to infection by <em>S. riobrave, H. bacteriophora</em>. The only exception was a non-significant decrease in the alkaline phosphatase activities of larvae infected with <em>S. feltiae</em>. Whereas, the activity of transaminases (GOT and GPT) was highly decreased with the infection by <em>H. bacteriophora </em>and<em> S. riobrave.</em>https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16044_93499d53a46022ffe7b961b9d1568978.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Molecular characterization of Paenibacillus larvae larvae, for early diagnosis of american foulbrood of honeybees in Egypt35451604510.21608/eajbsc.2014.16045ENShireen A. M.Ma’mounDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptMohamed I.ImamDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptEmad A.NafeaHoneybees' Research Center, Plant Protection Institute, Cairo, EgyptRabia A.AnanDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptMohamed S.SalamaDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptAkila M.El ShafaiDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptAhmed H.KaschefDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20181006A reliable procedure for early detection of <em>Paenibacillus larvae</em> subsp. <em>larvae </em>(<em>P. l. larvae</em>), the causal agent of American Foulbrood disease (AFB) of honeybees (<em>Apis mellifera</em> L.) based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subspecies – specific KAT primers. A PCR amplicon of the expected size 550 bp only found in <em>P. l. larvae</em> strains was used for positive AFB. This PCR assay provides a specific detection for <em>P. l. larvae</em> from week 1 post infection even if there is no clinical symptoms appeared in a colony.
The technique can be directly used to detect presence or absence of <em>P. l. larvae</em> spores in honeybee samples and contaminated honeys.https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16045_306e6a6e81c6a16ef1e81c6730e7ea84.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Evaluation of Urinary system diseases using Intra-venous Urography and Ultrasound47521604610.21608/eajbsc.2014.16046ENMohammedYousef-Taibah University, College of Medical Applied Sciences, Department of Diagnostic Radiologic Technology, Fax: 8475790 P.O: 30001 Almadinah Almunawwarah , KSAJumaa YousifTamboulCollege of Medical Radiologic Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology. P.O.Box 1908, Khartoum, SudanMoawiaGameraddinAlzaeim Alazhari University, Faculty of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging. P.O.Box1432 Khartoum Bahri 13311-SudanRahmaAdamCollege of Medical Radiologic Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology. P.O.Box 1908, Khartoum, SudanJournal Article20181006<strong>Objectives:</strong> This study aimed to assess various renal diseases using IVU and US examinations
<strong>Methods:</strong>This is a retrospective analytical which included 50 subjects referred for IVU and was done in Fedail hospital, Soba University hospital and Alnilain medical center radiology departments, Data were collected in the period between(16.7.2011) to (21.10.2011).
<strong>Results:</strong>This study included 50 subjects referred for IVU, 76% male against 24% females, the most affected ages ranged between 21 to 40 years .There was 43(86%) of the patients with renal or ureteric stone according to U/S findings and 7(14%) with other problem, according to the renal function 26(52%) were normal secretion and 9(18%) showed nonfunctioning kidney up to 24 hrs. The most common affected site was kidney represented 76 %, then ureter which represented 24%.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study concluded that kidney with normal secretion in IVU which associated with stone not cause obstructive changes. The non-functioning kidney was strongly associated with severe hydronephrosis and showed delayed function at IVU films.https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16046_c40d30934ad10341b35cfb86d96ce4be.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601The curative effect of Bee Venom and Propolis on oxidative stress induced by γ-irradiation on blood and tissues of rats53691604710.21608/eajbsc.2014.16047ENAbd-Elraheim A.ElshaterZoology Department, Faculty of Science;Mouchira M.Mohi EldinPathology and Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med., South Valley University, Qena, 83523Muhammad M. A.SalmanPathology and Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med., South Valley University, Qena, 83523Naglaa R. A.KasemPathology and Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med., South Valley University, Qena, 83523Journal Article20181006<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The biological effects of ionizing radiation<br />result in the formation of free radicals which are the main cause of cellular<br />damage. This study was aimed to detect the curative effect of some antioxidants<br />drugs (Bee venom and Propolis) on the hematological, biochemical and histological<br />parameters after exposed to γ-irradiation on the rats. Five groups of adult<br />male albino rats were established (n= 11). The first group (Gp. 1) was served<br />as normal group. Gp. 2 was exposed the whole body of rats to a single shot dose<br />of gamma radiation (5Gy) and served as control group. Gp. 3 was injected<br />intraperitoneal (i.p.) daily with Bee venom</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">at dose </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;">(5ml/kg</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;">body weight)</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">. Gp. 4 was given orally Propolis daily at dose </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;">300 mg/kg body weight (B.wt)</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">. Gp. 5 was administered of </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;">(5ml/kg</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;">body weight) of </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Bee<br />venom injected i.p. plus </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;">orally 300 mg/kg (B.wt) of Propolis, </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">daily. All groups were treated after 8 hours exposure,<br />for 40 day. Whole blood, serum and biopsy from liver and kidneys were collected<br />for hematological, biochemical and histopathological examinations,<br />respectivetly. In the irradiated group (gp. 2), hematotoxicity was determined<br />by a significant decrease in red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs),<br />blood Platelets (PLTs), haemoglobin (Hb) and </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;">PCV</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> value, as well as there are an elevation in serum<br />ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, creatinine and urea, associated with reduction in albumin<br />and uric acid. Hepatotoxicity was recorded in a highly significant increase<br />malondialdehyde (MDA) with marked reduction in glutathione (GSH) levels,<br />superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. In addition to,<br />degenerative and necrotic changes showed in liver and kidneys. It could be<br />concluded that Bee venom and Propolis, clarified a modulatory role against the<br />cellular damage produced by free radicals induced by ionizing radiation.</span>https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16047_760c098a67e3ff29975b77ea1095e1a7.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Influence of Sudden Thermal Stresses on Growth Rate and Enzymatic Identification of Bombyx mori L. Larvae71811604810.21608/eajbsc.2014.16048ENRehab H.TahaSericulture Research Department (SRD), Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt.Saad I. A.I.Sericulture Research Department (SRD), Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt.Eman M.HassanSericulture Research Department (SRD), Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt.Journal Article20181006<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The<br />purpose of this study is to determine the impact of different thermal stresses<br />for different periods on univoltine <em>Bombyx mori </em>embryos and grown larvae<br />in terms of larval growth rates, effective rate of rearing and the enzymatic<br />proliferation of larval haemolymph. Egg groups was exposed to different<br />temperatures; 0°C for one hour, 0°C for two hours, 40°C for one hour and 40°C<br />for two hours, followed by 2 hours recovery at room temperature in addition to<br />a control group, the same was applied to the grown larvae. Larval haemolymph of<br />tested groups were subjected to enzyme electrophoretic analysis by native<br />polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) for phosphatases and esterases<br />identification.Exposure to sudden thermal<br />stress of 0°C for one hour at larval stage recorded<span style="color: #92d050;"><br /></span>the highest growth rate. The sudden thermal stresses did notsignificantly affect the effective rate of rearing.<br />However, thermal stresses increased ACPase and ALKPase activities and decreased<br />α and β esterases activities comparing to control. These results suggest<br />applying sudden heat thermal proteins in breeding strategy for inducing<br />robustness in productive breeds. </span>https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16048_2cd5576230a246bb5aaaa05a2fa793fb.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601The impact of vanadium on endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats: Histological insight83911604910.21608/eajbsc.2014.16049ENMohamed AHaidaraDepartment of Physiology., Electron Microscopy Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid UnivAbbas O.El KaribDepartment of Physiology, Electron Microscopy Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid UnivIsmaeelBin-JaliahDepartment of Physiology, Electron Microscopy Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid UnivMohamed D.MorsyDepartment of Physiology, Electron Microscopy Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid UnivAbdullah S.ShatoorDepatment of Medicine, Electron Microscopy Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid UnivSalah O.BashirDepatment of physiology, Electron Microscopy Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid UnivBasiouny A .El-GamalDepartment of Biochemistry, Electron Microscopy Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid UnivMohammed El-HassanKemeirDepartment of Anatomy, Electron Microscopy Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid UnivRefaat A.EidDepartment of Pathology, Electron Microscopy Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid UnivJournal Article20181006<strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of vanadium and or insulin on endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats (T2DM).
<strong>Material and methods:</strong>60 white albino rats were included in this research and randomly divided into 6 groups(n=10) as follows: Control group (Control): rats injected once intraperitoneally (i.p.) with citrate buffer (0.1 M, pH 4.5), vanadium treated group (Vanadium): rats received vanadyl sulfate of 0.64 mmol/kg weight freshly dissolved in 1 ml of distilled water daily through a nesophageal tube, diabetic type 2group(D type 2) : rats received high fat diet for 15 days followed by streptozotocin (25 mg/kg body weight ), diabetic type 2 and insulin group (D type 2 +I): D type 2 rats received mixtard insulin subcutaneously in a dose of 0.75 IU/100 gm weight in 0.75 ml volume once daily, diabetic type 2 and vanadium group (D type 2+V): type 2 diabetic ratsreceived the same dose of vanadium as in vanadium group after 48 h of induction of type 2 diabetes, diabetic type 2 + insulin + vanadium group (D type 2 +V+I): diabetic type 2 rats received both vanadium and insulin with the same doses as in previous groups.
<strong>Results:</strong> Diabetic group showed hyperglycemia, increased cholesterol(C), triglycerides (TG), LDL-C and decrease HDL-C. Administration of both insulin and vanadium caused significant decrease of glucose, TG, C, LDL-C and increased HDL-C back to control level. Histological analysis of aortae documented our results.
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>Administration of vanadium enhances the effect of insulin and restore endothelial damage in T2DM.https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16049_5f1f06209ab001a67cae03848faf9b6d.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Activity Level of Lactate dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase Enzymes in the honeybee colonies, (Apis mellifera L.) with different feeding931001605010.21608/eajbsc.2014.16050ENSameh Mostafa AbdEl- NabyPlant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), ARC, Dokki, GizaEhab WafeekZidanPlant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), ARC, Dokki, GizaJournal Article20181006The<br />activity of Lactate dehydrogenaseand β-glucosidase<br />was determined in Carniolan workers honey bee, <em>Apis<br />mellifera</em> L<em>.</em> after feeding on different diets antibiotic ,ripe milk<br />and some natural plant extract (thyme, clove, cinnamon, black seeds and anise)<br />. The results showed the highest increase in the β-glucosidase activity was occurred in the diet containing Ripe milk<br />(106.17%) and the other diets scored decrease in the activity , as well as the Lactate dehydrogenaseactivity the results showed highly enzyme activity<br />in diets antibiotic and clove 192.56%, & 215.70%. respectively as compared<br />with the other diets used in this study.https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16050_b728b83550ff1be3ebde1fd75c55ee13.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Effect of soy isoflavones on some immunological parameters in ovariectomized female rats.1011131605110.21608/eajbsc.2014.16051ENHend M.TagDepartment of Zoology1, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal UniversityHekmat M.TantawyDepartment of Zoology1, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal UniversityRasha M.GhoneimDepartment of Zoology1, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal UniversityJournal Article20181006<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;">Soy Isoflavones have estrogenic activity and are<br />widely used in human and animal diets. They have many useful activities in<br />vitro and in vivo. However, Evidence is emerging that dietary isoflavones have<br />an effect on immune system. The objectives of this study was to determine the<br />effect of soy isoflavones on some cellular immunological parameters including<br />through estimation of their effect on daily food intake, daily body weight<br />gain, splenic and thymic weights, total and differential leukocytic count (TLC<br />& DLC), IL-6 and histopathology of both thymus and spleen. A total of 30<br />ovariectomized female Albino rats were divided into three groups (10 females /<br />group). Control group (C) received phytoestrogen-free casein-based diet, low<br />soy phytoestrogens group (LF) received low phytoestrogens diet containing (7%<br />soybeans) and high soy phytoestrogens (HF) group received high phytoestrogens<br />diet containing (26% soybeans) for 30 days. The results revealed that dietary<br />phytoestrogens didn’t alter daily food intake while reduced daily body weight<br />gain significantly (P<0.05) in HF group than LF and control group. Splenic<br />relative weight showed non-significant difference between groups while Thymus<br />relative weight was significantly (P<0.05) reduced in LF and HF groups than<br />control in a dose depending manner. Total leukocytic count was significantly<br />(P<0.05) increased in LF and HF groups than control while DLC showed<br />non-significant difference among groups. Inteleukin-6 was significantly<br />(P<0.05) reduced in both treated groups than control. The histopathological<br />studies of treated groups showed decreased white pulp (WP) area and cellularity<br />with reduced number of lymphocytes especially in HF group with depletion in<br />medullary area of thymus in LF group and apoptotic lymphocytes in HF group.<br />These findings show that dietary phytoestrogens interfere with cellular mediated<br />immunity in ovariectomized female rats, so they</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;"><br />could alleviate autoimmune diseases manifestations.</span>https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16051_cccfb843f1af2a0646f8234d30969a69.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Protective effect of Mulberry Leaf Extract on male rat fertility affected with Methotrexate-cytotoxicity1151221605210.21608/eajbsc.2014.16052ENEnas Abd-El Hay TahaTolbaFaculty of Science Jazan Univeristy, Biology Department. Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20181006Methotrexate<br />is widely used in treatment of cancer, psoriasis, and rheumatic diseases but it<br />can be induce reproductive toxicity. Mulberries have been reported to be<br />important antioxidant. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the<br />protective effects of ethanolic leaf Mulberry extract against reproductive<br />toxicity of Methotrexate in male rats. Twenty male albino rats were divided<br />into four equal groups (n=5), the first served as negative control, the second<br />received mulberry extract (100 mg/kg b.wt), the third group received<br />Methotrexate (20mg/kg) the fourth received Methotrexate after one week of treatment with mulberry extract (100 mg/kg<br />b.wt.). Treatment was continued for 4 weeks. Results of the study displayed<br />that Methotrexate caused a significantly decrease in Gonadisomatic index<br />weights, testosterone, LH and FSH in serum as compared with normal control.<br />Mulberry extract protection against MTX-induced reproductive injury was<br />reflected by significantly increased serum testosterone, LH and FSH levels<br />compared to those in MTX treated Rats (P < 0.05). Histological observations<br />also revealed that damages within the seminiferous tubules and vascular<br />degeneration of the germ cells and Sertoli cells cytoplasm were observed<br />apparent in rats after MTX administration. In contrast, the damage was markedly<br />attenuated in the mulberry treated group. In conclusion, treatment with<br />mulberry leaf extract alleviates Methotrexate-associated hazards and protects<br />the testicular tissues.https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16052_3e597e1afa3a1ea18d8726464cee7b16.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Relationship between resistance level and some biochemical parameters to Spodoptera littoralis against some insect growth regulators (IGRs1231301605310.21608/eajbsc.2014.16053ENMohammed Mohie EldienAbdel HafezPlant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), ARC, DOKKI, GIZASameh M.Abd El-NabyPlant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), ARC, DOKKI, GIZAJournal Article20181006<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Resistance<br />levels in laboratory and field strain of<em> Spodoptera littoralis</em> (Boisd.)<br />against two IGR's (lufenuron and </span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">tebufenozide</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">)<br />were studied. Resistance levels were higher in fayoum than Sharkia and<br />laboratorystrain, in the two IGR's. There was a positive correlation between<br />resistance and Alkaline phosphatase and α-esterase enzyme, while there was<br />negative correlation between resistance level and Acid phosphatase & trehalase<br />activity, while in amylase enzyme Fayoum strain was lower than Sharkia and<br />laboratory</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRoman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRoman;"> strain.</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> Fayoum<br />strain showed higher activity </span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRoman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRoman;">in case </span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Invertase enzyme than other two strain.</span>https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16053_82ed902ceb0f639360940df64e76d7c5.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Phytochemical analysis and inhibitory effects of extract of young fruits of Ficus palmate on some pathogenic microbes1311391605410.21608/eajbsc.2014.16054ENSulaiman A.AlrummanDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMahmoud F.MoustafaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, EgyptAbd El-LatifHeshamGenetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptSaad A.AlamriDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMohamedHashemFaculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptJournal Article20181006The present study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity<br />of various extracts of young fruits of <em>Ficus palmata</em> Forsk. against some<br />Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and <em>Candida</em> species using the<br />agar well diffusion method. Results<br />showed that the cold water extract had no inhibitory effect against any<br />tested microbes, while the hot water extract inhibited the microbial growth<br />(12.5%). Methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether or acetone extract of the dry<br />fruits inhibited microbial growth (37.5%), while diethyl ether extract<br />inhibition was 12.5%. Methanol extract of fresh fruitsinhibited the<br />microbial up to 75%. However, the chloroform and petroleum ether extracts<br />inhibited microbial growth by 62.5% and 37.5%, respectively. Gas Chromatogram-<br />Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of hexan<br />extract of the young fruits of <em>Ficus palmata </em>was carried out to identify its phytochemical constituents. Four chemical<br />constituents have been identified: diethyl phthalate<br />was the major compound (86.19%) (Retention time 16.65), and cyclohexasiloxane, dodecamethyl-, (Rt 12.77), 1,3-dimethyl-2-nitrobenzene (Rt 14.91) and benzamide (Rt<br />15.07) were the minor constituents (4.47, 7.96 and 1.36%, respectively). It<br />could be concluded that the extract<em><br /></em>of young fresh fruits of <em>Ficus palmata</em> and its bioactive components, in particular diethyl phthalate, could be of phytopharmaceutical importance as an<br />antimicrobial agentshttps://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16054_fd1aa28c215e26c36c6145ace0df64ec.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Association of Angiotensinogen M235T Gene variants, and Plasma Renin Activity with Preeclampsia1411491605510.21608/eajbsc.2014.16055ENGhada AElfadil-College of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University of Science & Technology
-College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, KSADalia I.Wagea AllaMedical Laboratory Science, Sharq-Elneel University College, SudanAbdelgadir AElmugadam-College of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University of Science & Technology
-College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, KSAJournal Article20181006Preeclampsia is considered to be a multifactorial and multisystemic disorder with a genetic predisposition. Alterations in the renin–angiotensin system are considered to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In order to investigate the possible association of the most common polymorphisms of the renin–angiotensin system genes with preeclampsia we have examined 50 women with preeclampsia and 50 normotensive pregnant women. DNA samples were genotyped for the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT), plasma renin was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Plasma renin was significantly decreased in patients with preeclampsia compared with normotensive pregnant women. The TT genotype of the M235T polymorphism was significantly increased in women who developed preeclampsia. In preeclampsia group the frequency of AGT gene, M235T misssense mutation was 92% (18% were heterozygous and 82%were homozygous), compared with 56% in control group (34% heterozygous, 66% homozygous). In preeclampsia group the frequency of M allele; 17% (n=13) versus 61% (n=39) for the control group, while the frequency of T allele in preeclampsia group; 83% (n=47) versus 39% (n=28) for the control group. Furthermore, there was a positive risk of developing preeclampsia when having TT genotype, and the results were highly statistically significant (odd ratio=2.597, X<sup>2</sup>= 16.39, P =0.00) for TT genotype compared to MM genotype. There was significant positive correlation between plasma renin activity and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (r= 0.9, p= 0.000). There was no statistical significance between plasma renin activity and age in preeclampsia group (r= 0.044, p= 0.759).
In conclusion, an increased risk for preeclampsia in women carrying the TT genotype of the AGT gene was observed. Plasma renin activity was significantly decreased in patients with preeclampsia.https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16055_7f9913f50804a18c9f21228febfe52d3.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology2090-07676120140601Use of Free to Total Prostate-Specific Antigen Ratio to Improve Differentiation of Prostate Cancer from Benign Prostate Hyperplasia1511561605610.21608/eajbsc.2014.16056ENAbdelgadir AElmugadam-College of Medical Laboratory, Sudan University of Science and Technology. Sudan
-College of Applied Medical Science. Taibah University, KSAHaala M.GabraDepartment of Laboratory, Fedail Medical Hospital. Khartoum, SudanGhada A.Elfadil-College of Medical Laboratory, Sudan University of Science and Technology. Sudan
-College of Applied Medical Science. Taibah University, KSABader El-din H.ElabidCollege of Medical Laboratory, University of Science and Technology. SudanJournal Article20181006<strong>Objectives:</strong> The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of F/TPSA ratio to improve differentiation of Prostate Cancer from Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Sudanese patients in Khartoum state.
<strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective, analytical, hospital based, Case control study. This study was carried out in FedailMedicalHospital during the period of 2010 to 2012. This study was performed on 200 patients as study group and 100 healthy volunteer as control group. Serum levels of TPSA and FPSA were measured by Roche immunoassay e411.
<strong>Results:</strong>
Detection rate of PCa for serum TPSA level 4- 10 ng/ml and serum TPSA level of 10 to 20 ng/ml was (32%) and (54%), respectively. Mean F/TPSA ratio value was significantly lower in PCa patients (16 ± 9ng/ml) than in BPH group (30±7g/ml). Among patients with serum PSA level of 4 to 10 ng/ml (n = 93), mean F/TPSA ratio in BPH group (n =63) was (32 ± 5) and in PCa group (n = 30) was (14 ±5) (P <0.001). For serum PSA level of 10-20 ng/ml (n = 43), mean F/TPSA ratio in BPH group (n = 18) was (25 ±7) and in PCa group (n = 25) was (16 ± 9) (P <0 .001).
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Determination of F/TPSA ratio improves differentiation of PCa from BPH. This study recommends a cut-off value of 18% to be applied to Sudanese patients.https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_16056_919f27e0f90c57d2d1ab178cc6d2327f.pdf