Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
2090-0767
2090-083X
12
1
2020
06
01
Nigella sativa Seeds Extract Ameliorates Toxicity Induced by Doxorubicin and Gamma Radiation in Rats
1
14
EN
Mohamed
A.
Bashandy
Department of Zoology، Faculty of Science، Al-Azhar University، Cairo، Egypt
Diaa
Farag
Ibrahim
Department of Zoology، Faculty of Science، Al-Azhar University، Cairo، Egypt
Hesham
F.
Hasan
Radiation biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic energy authority, Cairo, Egypt
Mahmoud
A.
El-Sharkawy
Department of Zoology، Faculty of Science، Al-Azhar University، Cairo، Egypt
msharkawy2011@gmail.com
10.21608/eajbsc.2020.68029
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are among the traditional methods used in cancer treatment and they cause toxicity to normal cells. The purpose of the present study is to determine the possible protective role of <em>Nigella sativa </em>seed (2 g/kg) extract as a potent antioxidant in improving the toxicity of doxorubicin (DOX) and/or gamma radiation in albino rats. The rats were injected with DOX (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and/or exposed the rats to irradiation (2 Gy, whole-body) weekly, for four consecutive weeks. The antioxidant treatments were used daily <em>via </em>oral gavages for two weeks protection period and during the experiment (4 weeks). The DOX and/or irradiated groups recorded a severe reduction of antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione) as well as increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and changes of liver function parameters (transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, total protein and albumin as compared with control rats. Administration of <em>Nigella sativa </em>seed extract to DOX and/or irradiated rats indicates significantly enhanced the oxidative stress markers and liver function parameters as compared with DOX and/or irradiated rats.<br /> In conclusion, <em>Nigella sativa </em>seed extract fruit extract used to decrease the bad side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Doxorubicin,Radiation,Nigella Sativa,and Reactive oxygen species
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_68029.html
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_68029_51b6375d01ae5642cbeb72b7e6c2d936.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
2090-0767
2090-083X
12
1
2020
06
01
The Effect of Gum Arabic in Treatment of Kidney Dysfunction in Chickens
15
21
EN
Randa
A.
Abd EL-Rahman
Biology Department, Faculty of Science and humanities in Al Quwai’iyah; Shaqraa University, KSA
randa@su.edu.sa
Haya
M.
AI-Sahli
Biology Department, Faculty of Science and humanities in Al Quwai’iyah; Shaqraa University, KSA
Haya
S.
AL Qahtani
Biology Department, Faculty of Science and humanities in Al Quwai’iyah; Shaqraa University, KSA
Nawal
A.
ALkahtani
Biology Department, Faculty of Science and humanities in Al Quwai’iyah; Shaqraa University, KSA
Nogood
S.
AL Znitan
Biology Department, Faculty of Science and humanities in Al Quwai’iyah; Shaqraa University, KSA
10.21608/eajbsc.2020.68030
Gum arabic is a polysaccharides obtained from the stems and branches of <em>Acacia senegal</em>tree. In folk medicine Gum arabic has been reported to have anti-oxidant and nephroprotectant effects.<br /> This study aimed to evaluate the Gum arabic effect on kidney dysfunction in chickens which induced by cadmium nitrate.<br /> Healthy chickens were divided into three groups, 5 chickens in each group; group 1: Normal group fed on basal diet, group 2: Control group feed on basal diet mixed with (100 ml/kg b. w.) cadmium nitrate, Group 3: Treated group, chickens feed on basal diet mixed with cadmium nitrate (100 ml/kg b. w.) then treated with Gum Arabic extract (500 g/kg body weight). . Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the experiment (group 1: normal), after 5 days blood samples collected from (group 2: control) and after 10 days of Gum Arabic treatment blood samples collected from (group 3: treated), creatinine and uric acid were estimated as a kidney function parameters. The results demonstrated that oral administration of cadmium nitrate (control group) recorded a significant increase at (p < 0.05) in serum creatinine levels and serum uric acid levels compared with those levels of the normal group. The results in this study illustrated that oral administration of Gum Arabic extract (treated group) showed a significant decrease at (p < 0.05) in serum creatinine level and serum uric acid level compared with those levels of the normal group < br /> Furthermore, the results obtained from this study suggested that oral administration of Gum Arabic extract may be helpful in the prevention of kidney dysfunction and may represent an effective therapy that normalizes serum creatinine and serum uric acid levels in chickens.
Kidney dysfunction,Chickens and Gum Arabic
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_68030.html
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_68030_e46d3a48a0675ec4afaa35cff11e47a2.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
2090-0767
2090-083X
12
1
2020
06
01
Influence of Thermally Oxidized Palm Oil on Growth Performance and PPAR-α Gene Expression in Broiler Chickens
23
37
EN
Saadia
Abdel-Fatah
Ali
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
A.
A.
Ismail
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Samah
Ahmed
Abdel-Hafez
Department of Biochemistry, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Ismailia, Egypt;
samavet1@gmail.com
Hala
Mohammed Ali
El-Genaidy
Department of Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Ismailia, Egypt;
10.21608/eajbsc.2020.68442
The present study was planned to investigate the effect of thermally oxidized palm oil on the broiler performances, liver gene expression, lipid profile and oxidative stress markers. A total number of 150 one d-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly divided into three treatment groups. The first group was served as control and fed the basal diets with tap water. The second group fed the basal diet supplemented with 5% fresh palm oil, the third group fed the basal diet supplemented with 5% thermally oxidized palm oil. The experiment continued till chicks were 42 d old. Body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio was estimated. Estimation of the effect of different treatments on the liver gene expression, Estimation of the lipid profile in serum, Estimation of the cholesterol level in the liver tissue. Correlation between the cholesterol level in both serum and liver tissue. Determination of oxidative stress markers in serum. The results showed that the supplementation of thermally oxidized palm oil decrease the body weight, reduce feed consumption, and increase the feed conversion ratio. Thermally oxidized oil cause a significant increase in the PPAR-α gene expression in liver tissue, increase the cholesterol concentrations in serum and liver, elevate triglycerides in serum and elevate the oxidative stress markers<em>.</em>.
Thermally oxidized,fresh,oils,PPAR-α gene,Broilers
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_68442.html
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_68442_3e933542e8df483d7352e2c16b58ecc5.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
2090-0767
2090-083X
12
1
2020
06
01
Impacts of Chromium and Selenium-E on Cortisol Levels, Reproductive and productive Efficiency of Baladi Female Goats under Subtropical Conditions.
39
50
EN
El-Zaher
H.
M.
Department of Biological Applications, Radioisotopes Applications Division, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt, P.O.13759
Eid
S. Y.,
Y.
Department of Biological Applications, Radioisotopes Applications Division, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt, P.O.13759
El-Sayed
A. I.
M.
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Egypt, P.O.13736
Farghaly
H. A.
M.
Department of Biological Applications, Radioisotopes Applications Division, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt, P.O.13759
Emara
S.
S.
Department of Biological Applications, Radioisotopes Applications Division, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt, P.O.13759
sanaemara014@yahoo.com
10.21608/eajbsc.2020.74564
The present study was conducted during estrous cycle and pregnancy period in Baladi female goats to study the effect of chromium and selenium with vitamin E on blood serum cortisol concentration. Seventy-two of mature Baladi does with age ranged from 2 to 3 years old and the mean body weight was 25.1±1.5 kg was used under two conditions of winter and summer seasons (36 animals/season). The animals were randomly divided into three groups, the 1st group was kept as control and the 2nd group was supplemented by chromium (chromium chloridetrivalent), 0.8 mg/head/day. The 3rd group was intramuscularly injected twice a week with 2ml viteselen®, contained 0.5 mg selenium and 10.7 IU vitamin E (Se-E). Serum cortisol levels were assessed in the three experimental goats during the estrous and pregnancy periods. The results demonstrated that Goats supplementation with Cr or Se-E significantly decreased (P<0.05) serum cortisol concentrations than control during estrous cycle. In addition, Cr mostly lowered (P<0.05) cortisol than control, but Se-E thoroughly increased it during pregnancy. However, under mild season at pro-estrus phase Cr treatment increased cortisol significantly (P<0.05) than control. Also, during pregnancy period Cr decreased cortisol at Mid-Pregnancy and Late-Pregnancy periods; however, Se-E increased cortisol at the Late-Pregnancy period than the control group. Under hot season, Cr treatment decreased (P<0.05) cortisol during estrous cycle, pregnancy period. However, injection of Se-E decreased cortisol during estrous cycle and showed a contrary effect during pregnancy period. On the other side, Reproductive traits of female goats showed that, under mild season conditions Cr or Se-E supplementations did not have any effect on goat’s reproductive traits, in terms of conception rate, kidding rate, fertility rate, prolificacy and fecundity compared to control group. Under hot season conditions, Cr and Se-E improved both of fertility and conception rate, as well as, increased fecundity percentage more than control. Cr group had lowest prolificacy, however; Se-E had the highest one compared to control. Chromium group had significantly (P<0.05) higher birth weight of kids than control and Se-E either at mild or hot season. However, injection of Se-E did not affect litter birth weight under mild and hot conditions.So,It can be concluded that Cr and Se-E supplementation can enhanced the reproductive and productive traits of female Baladi goats under hot season.
Chromium,Selenium-E,heat stress,Serum cortisol,Reproductive and productive traits,goats
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_74564.html
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_74564_cd1b8861b7cc3c796ad04d828b52ad88.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
2090-0767
2090-083X
12
1
2020
06
01
Possible Kefir Biological Effects: 4: Effect of Kefir Beverage on The Histopathological and Macroscopical Changes in Adipose Tissue of High Fat-Fed STZ- Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rat
51
63
EN
Abdel-Baset
M.
Aref
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Egypt. IACUC of SVU in Egypt
aref322189@yahoo.com
Margit
Semmler
Diabetes Research Institute, Düsseldorf University, Düsseldorf, Germany
Osama
M.
Ahmed
Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salem Street, P.O. Box 62514, Beni-Suef, Egypt
G.
Ünlü
Microbiology Departiment School of Food Science, Idaho University, USA
Lobna
A.
Ali
Cell Biology and Histochemistry Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. IACUC of SVU in Egypt
Mohie
Haridy
Pathology Department, Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University
10.21608/eajbsc.2020.78931
This study was designed to investigate the effect of kefir consumption as a common dairy fermented product on keep the bodyweight balanced on high fat-fed streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats which fed with a daily kefir gavage dose, also to examine any effects regards the abdominal circumference (AC) and body fat mass; observed results compared to normal male rats; Experiments were carried out on 60 albino male rats, with age 8 weeks, weighing about 220-250 g, after the adaptation period, male rats were divided randomly into two experiments by six groups: experiment Ⅰ included 3 non-diabetic ones and experiment ⅠⅠ included three STZ induced diabetes groups. The groups were fed as follows: group 1 received a standard diet and served as control. Group 2 was fed on a standard diet and kefir (0.7 ml/animal/day by gavage). Group 3 received a high-fat diet and kefir (0.7 ml/animal/day by gavage). The diabetic males of groups A, B and C were fed on a high-fat diet. Group B received in addition kefir (0.7 ml/animal/day by gavage), while group C was injected additionally with insulin (0.76 UI/200 mg BW/day); all the groups have the access to the drinking water all the time.; the bodyweight of normal and diabetic rat males was determined on 1<sup>st</sup>treatment day,and every week until the end the experiment plan (5 weeks) then all the groups were sacrificed with measuring the AC and weighting the fat mass; Summarizing it could be said; through all the work plan (5 weeks), all the six animal groups showed a significant increase in the mean body weight with a normal level in experiment Ⅰ unless in group 3 which fed on HFD and kefir, while in experiment ⅠⅠ kefir helps the diabetic treated group to not losing weight compared to the untreated one; similarity kefir neither affect AC nor relative fat weight.
diabetes,High fat diet,Kefir,Insulin,Bodyweight,Wistar rat,cell biology,histopathology,physiology
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_78931.html
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_78931_19f49927e98ce9f1c7aa233b498d5756.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
2090-0767
2090-083X
12
1
2020
06
01
Phylogenetic Relationships between Ten genotype of Hordeum vulgare L. Using Molecular Markers
65
81
EN
H.
El-Atroush
Botany department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt
hala_elatroush@hotmail.com
Zienab
El-Ashry
Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Samira
Osman
Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsc.2020.80232
Phylogenetic relationships between ten <em>Hordeum vulgare</em> L. , seven cultivars (Giza 123, Giza 126, Giza 127, Giza 128, Giza 129, Giza 130 and Giza 2000) and three landraces from Sinai (El-Kheroba, El-Sheikh Zuwaid, and Wadi Sedr) were carried out using two molecular genetic markers (RAPD-PCR and ISSR-PCR). The genetic distance between Ten genotype was also estimated from banding patterns Twenty two random primers were used in RAPD revealed 316 bands while 159 bands were detected of ISSR analysis using 10 primers. RAPD analysis among ten genotypes showed 41.77% polymorphism, while ISSR analysis showed 62.02% polymorphism.<br /> It was found that, ISSR was a more viable marker than RAPD in the detection of the<br /> genetic variability among <em>Hordeum vulgare</em> (barley) varieties. The genetic distance tree was detected using UPGMA based on both molecular markers (RAPD and ISSR) and analysis of combined data.In addition, the Band Shearing index (BSI) factor was calculated shows a marked difference between the ten genotypes, seven cultivars and three landraces of studied <em>Hordeum vulgare</em> where BSI average reach 1.42% with RAPD markers while reaching 0.93 % in ISSR. The obtained data indicated that both RAPD and ISSR markers are efficient in identification and differentiation between selected taxa, but the efficiency of ISSR was the best one. Also, the present results, enhancing the available knowledge of <em> Hordeum vulgare</em> genetic resources in Egypt, which may contribute to their conservation and utilization in breeding programs.
Hordeum vulgare L,phylogenetic relationships,RAPD,ISSR,molecular markers
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_80232.html
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_80232_4c9e2da93d93b77f94c1cb4b1bbfc8bf.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
2090-0767
2090-083X
12
1
2020
06
01
DNA Barcoding of Two Medicinal Plants Using Molecular Markers
83
92
EN
H.
El-Atroush
Botany department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt
hala_elatroush@hotmail.com
10.21608/eajbsc.2020.85995
DNA barcoding is a novel method of species identification based on nucleotide diversity of conserved sequences. The establishment and refining of plant DNA barcoding systems are more challenging due to the high genetic diversity among different species. We, therefore, tested the potentiality of the ITS and <em>rbcL</em> markers for the identification of two medicinal species plants <em>Solanum nigrum</em> and <em>Solanum villosum</em>, which were collected from the Botanical garden of faculty of Science, Ain Shams Univ., Egypt. In this study, biological sequence homology and divergence of amplified sequences were studied using the Basic Local Alignment Tool (BLAST). Both DNA barcoding regions (ITS and <em>rbcL</em>) showed good universality amplification in the two species. The sequenced regions revealed conserved genome information for future identification of different medicinal plants belonging to these species. The amplified conserved barcodes revealed different levels of biological homology after sequence analysis. The results clearly showed that the use of these conserved DNA sequences as barcode primers would be an accurate way for species identification and discrimination. In this work, the ITS and <em>rbcl</em> markers were used to discriminate and confirm the identification of two medicinal plants, it was found that the viability and potentiality of ITS region in the identification process for the two plants used is more efficiency than <em>rbcl</em>, where <em>rbcl</em> confirm the identification of two plants at the generic level, while ITS at the species level. The findings of the study would be applicable in the medicinal industry to establish DNA based identification of different medicinal plant species to monitor adulteration.
DNA barcoding,ITS and rbcl , medicinal plants
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_85995.html
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_85995_39ccf45f1cf8354c84995aab39dc16cf.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
2090-0767
2090-083X
12
1
2020
06
01
Hemolymph Changes Resulting from Injection of Escherichia coli Into the Larvae of the Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
93
105
EN
Shaiemaa
A.
Rady
0000-0002-3228-0452
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
shaimaarady_p@sci.asu.edu.eg
Emad
M.S.
Barakat
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
Adel
R.
Elmahalawy
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
Adel
K.
Elsayed
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
Marwa
H.
Radwan
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/eajbsc.2020.90416
The present investigation used <em>Galleria mellonella</em> larvae as an infection model to describe the virulence of <em>Escherichia coli</em>, the most frequent causes of several common bacterial infections in humans and animals. Some hemolymph physical properties such as hemolymph volume - and its relation to body water content, hemolymph density, and pH, along with a quantitative estimation of hemolymph proteins, lipids and carbohydrates were recorded in <em>G. mellonella </em>larvae at different time intervals post-injection with a sub-lethal dose (LD<sub>20</sub>) of <em>E. coli </em>into the larval hemocoel.A decrease in fresh body weight and body water content with an increase in the hemolymph volume was observed at all time intervals post-larval treatment. This may be due to the loss of tissue water and gained it into the hemolymph. At the same time, bacterial injection decreased the hemolymph density and pH immediately following injection, while the viscosity and acidity of the hemolymph restored its original level with time. The bacterial injection also recorded an obvious decrease in the hemolymph proteins and lipids of the treated larvae at all time intervals post-treatment. This may be due to their elimination and/or their involvement in immune defence reactions or may be due to the intensive consumption and depletion of nutrition during infection. On the contrary, the levels of hemolymph carbohydrates increased at all-time intervals post bacterial injection into larvae. This increase may be due to the release of stored sugars (treehouse) which is responded strikingly due to bacterial infection causing an increase in the level of glucose and glycogen in the hemolymph. These results may lead to a better understanding of the regulatory events and the physiology of infected insects.
Galleria mellonella,Escherichia coli,water content,hemolymph volume,density,pH,proteins,lipids,and carbohydrates
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_90416.html
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_90416_5da618be4965e084ad3513c00a707e3a.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
2090-0767
2090-083X
12
1
2020
06
01
Evaluation of the Efficacy of lawsonia inermis (Lythraceae) Leaves Extracts on the Main Metabolites in Fat Bodies and Haemolymph of Schistocerca gregari (Forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae).
107
115
EN
Kotb,
M.
Hammad
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
kotb.hammad73@azhar.edu.eg
10.21608/eajbsc.2020.125092
The current work was conducted to check the biological effects of the henna tree, <em>Lawsonia inermis</em> ethanol extracts on the <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em> main body metabolites in fat bodies and hemolymph. LC<sub>50</sub> of ethanol (8.5%) were applied on penultimate instar nymphs and the metabolite was determined for last instar nymphs and newly emerged adult females. Clearly decreased protein content was determined in fat bodies of late-aged nymphs, after treatment with ethanol extract, as well as of newly emerged adult females. With regard to protein content in hemolymph, strong inducing effects were exhibited on early, mid-aged nymphs and newly emerged adults while reducing effects were exhibited on early-aged nymphs. A reducing effect of <em>L. inermis</em> on the carbohydrate content was observed in fat bodies of late-aged nymphs and newly emerged adults whereas aninducing effect on the nymphs of early ages was displayed. Carbohydrate content in heamolymph has the same trend. A prevalent inhibitory action of <em>L. inermis</em> extracts on the lipid content in fat bodies of nymphs and adults was recorded with few exceptions to mid-aged nymphs. In hemolymph, a major reducing action was achieved on both nymphs and adults, except mid-aged nymphs.
Desert locust,protein,carbohydrate,Lipid,lawsoniainermis
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_125092.html
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_125092_0122c80c2eb998a529b59b7cb7202fff.pdf