Frequency of XRCC1 exon 10 G>A gene polymorphism in the Saudi Arabian Population: Inter-individual study from different ethnic groups
Shafiul Haque
Shafiul Haque
Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan-45142, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Introduction: The failure of DNA repair genes is the main reason for cancer development in human beings. The normal X-ray repair cross-complementing Group1 (XRCC1) gene play a key role in base excision repair (BER) pathway. The occurrence of XRCC1 exon 10 G>A polymorphism varies in different ethnic groups and the data on the allelic distribution of the same is lacking in Saudi Arabian population. The objective of the current study was to delve deep into the documented studies and analyze the frequency of genetic polymorphism XRCC1 exon 10 G>A in Saudi Arabian population and further do the comparison with other ethnic groups of the world. Methods: PUBMED (Medline), web-databases was searched for the required epidemiological studies of different ethnic group. Results: The frequency of XRCC1 exon 10 variant allele (A) was found to be 22.3%. Further this frequency was compared with various others ethnic groups and a significant difference was found for Thailand (p=0.001), Iran (p=0.025), Japan (p=<0.001), North India (p=<0.001), Poland (p=0.010), France (p=0.001), Norway (p=<0.001), USA (p=<0.001), Pakistan (p=<0.001), Spain (p=<0.001), Belgium (p=<0.018), Australia (p=<0.001), and Portuguese (p=<0.045) population. Conclusions: The overall results of this study suggest that frequency of this DNA repair genes demonstrates distinctive pattern in Saudi Arabia population, which might be possible because of ethnicity variation. This could assist in high-risk screening of humans exposed to environmental carcinogens and cancer predisposition in different ethnic groups.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
1
8
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13651_8db9f6457e939e1b74f714dcece9e61f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13651
RAPD-evaluated Genetic Polymorphisms and Relations among three River Nile Catfish (Siluriformes) Species from Qena, Egypt
Mohammed
EL-Mahdi
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Biology, Zoology Department
Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
Genetic discrepancies among three River Nilecatfish; Schilbe mystus Linnaeus, 1758 (Schilbeidae), Bagrus bajad Forsskål, 1775 (Bagaridae) and Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822 (Claridae) was evaluated by RAPD-PCR technique using 8 deca oligonucleotides (A-03, A-04, A-05, A-06, A-09, A-10, A-11, and A-12). A total of 52 amplified bands were produced, from them 5 bands were common with level of monomorphism of % 9.62, and 47 bandswere polymorphicwith level of polymorphism of 90.38%. An instructive RAPD fingerprint profile was generated with various band size lengths ranging from 200 to 2900 base pair.
According to Nei-72 distance matrix of genetic and the unweighted pair group method average (UPGMA), the three studied catfish species are related to each other and likely have the most sharing common ancestor. However, Schilbe mystus (Schilbeidae)and Bagrus bajad (bagaridae) are genetically more close to each other than to Clarias gariepinus. The subset of Clarias gariepinus as sister clade to Schilbe mystus and Bagrus bajad suggested monophyly of the family Clarridae.
The study suggested occurrence of genetic variations among the investigated River Nile catfish, with high level of genetic convergence/relation between Schilbe mystus and Bagrus bajad. This probably be useful for enhancing their potential use in aquaculture breeding programs, as well as providing insights on their taxonomic status within the Siluriformes.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
9
21
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13652_476b9c690b1dfd13d90c4e8a85e9ccde.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13652
Ameliorative And Erythrocytes Membrane Stabilizing Effects of Mentha piperita on Experimentally Induced Nephrotoxicity by Gentamicin
Sasikumar
Dhanarasu
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
author
Mathi Se
Selvam
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
author
Abdullah
Alkhalaf
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
author
Albaraa Kh
Aloraifi
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
author
Nayef
Al-Shammari
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: The clinical usefulness of gentamicin (GM) is limited due to the development of nephrotoxicity. Potential therapeutic approaches to protect (or) reverse GM damage would have been of very important clinical consequences in increasing the safety of the drug. Several natural agents have been used to ameliorate drugs toxicity. The survey of literature reveals that the Mentha piperita Linn. are found to be used in the traditional system of medicine. However, ameliorative and membrane stabilizing activity of M.piperita have not been scientifically investigated. So, the present study was design to evaluate effects of M.piperita L. on nephrotoxicity in rat model.
Methodology: Kidney damage was induced in rats by administrating Gentamicin (GM) intraperitonially at the dose of 100mg/kg body weight for 6 consecutive days. Freshly prepared ethanolic and aqueous extracts of M.piperita (EMPet and AMPet) were orally administered to rats.
Results: The altered renal markers (urea, uric acid, creatinine, and BUN) after GM administered were normalized in extracts treated animals. The membrane stabilizing effects were confirmed by erythrocytes osmotic fragility and to RBC morphology. The ameliorative effects were also confirmed by histopathology of renal tissues.
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that Mentha piperita may emerge as a ameliorative and membrane-stabilizing agent against nephrotoxicity. Further studies need to be undertaken in order to confirm these findings and its extrapolation in humans.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
23
37
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13653_374689d588bef78c87e3151191f073b4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13653
In silico Prediction of Epitope Based Vaccine Candidates against Powassan Virus Infection
Mohammed
Areeshi
Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan - 45142, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Powassan virus (POWV) is responsible for encephalitis and severe neurological sequelae globally. Peptide target based designing offers a promising therapeutic invention for the eradication of viral infection. Immunoinformatics serves as a powerful tool to screen and select antigenic peptide sequences as potential epitopes for binding affinity with HLA alleles. In the present study, a computational pipeline was developed for the identification of B-cell and T-cell epitopes for suitable vaccine candidates. Further, immunogenicity and physico-chemical prediction studies enable the discrimination between antigens and non-antigens. Considering the population setting globally, population coverage analysis was also performed for the identification of possible binding alleles (MHC class-I and MHC class-II) of T-cell epitopes.This computational prediction analysis will enhance our understanding of B-cell/T-cell immune response and assist in selecting the antigenic peptide(s) for the formulation of antigen based diagnostic kit or peptide based subunit vaccine design against POWV.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
39
47
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13654_5c475eed369f8185f5053745acf515a7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13654
Prediction of Epitope Based Vaccine Candidates against Macaca fascicularis PV Type 2 Virus Using In-silico Approaches
Mohammed
Areeshi
Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan - 45142, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Papillomaviruses are the causing agents of benign tumors in their hosts, i.e., mammals and birds, across the world. They have circular double stranded DNA genome. In order to combat the viral infection in Macaca fascicularis PV type 2, a computational pipeline was employed in this study for the prediction of viral protein targeting peptides for vaccine discovery. Epitope prediction enabled the identification of multi-peptides suitable for vaccine development. Further in-depth analysis for immunogenicity and toxicity prediction scrutinized the optimal candidate for target based designing of vaccines. Immunogenic and physicochemical properties of proteins E1, E2, E4, E6, E7, L1, and L2 of Macaca fascicularis PV type 2 revealed their instability index, molecular weight, and antigenic potential. The predicted epitopes may lead to promising targets for broad spectrum vaccine designing against the viral strain of Macaca fascicularis PV type 2.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
49
57
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13655_cb07246ebf04c1de757036d51882821d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13655
Molecular Detection of Hepatitis A Virus and Rotavirus in Water Samples Collected from Albaha, Saudi Arabia
Shaia
Almalki
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Viral contamination of the water bodies is neglected area of research in Saudi Arabia. The study, first of its kind, using RT- PCR technique, reports Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Rotavirus (RV) presence in almost 13% of the samples collected. This report may trigger the detection of accurate viral contamination status in Saudi Arabia’s environmental waters.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
59
68
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13656_5bdeac9381f0a25d72d55c5ff4ebb45e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13656
Hematological and Metabolic Alterations in Egyptian Buffaloes During Transition Period
Heba
Abdelrazek
Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
author
Tamer
Ismail
Laboratory Technology Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.
author
Fakhri
El-Azzazi
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Doaa
Elsayed
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
Transition period is a very critical period for buffaloes that extends three weeks before calving up to 3 weeks after calving. Few published papers about the changes in Egyptian buffaloes' metabolic and hematologic parameters are reported at this period. The current study was designed to investigate the physiological variations in hematological and some metabolic parameters in Egyptian buffaloes during transition period. Fifteen pluriparous pregnant Egyptian buffaloes were subjected to weekly blood sampling at 21 days before calving (-21), at calving day (0), and at 21 days post calving (+21). Complete blood picture (CBC) was determined in whole blood samples. Leptin, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), blood glucose values, albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were analyzed. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were also estimated. Hematological analysis revealed significant (P<0.05) increase in total leukocytes count accompanied with neutrophilia and monocytosis during postpartum period. Serum NEFA, TC, ALT, BUN, MDA and NO were significantly increased during postpartum period while leptin, TG and albumin were significantly (P<0.05) declined than prepartum period. From these results, the physiological adaptations of the buffaloes under the study suggest that negative energy balance during postpartum period needs efficient management to prevent metabolic disorders and their associated diseases.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
69
78
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13657_364130b0a1d4bae7ccfe38d6b83a5ab5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13657
Genetic Variation and Phylogenetic Relationship among four Parrotfishes (genus Scarus) in Hurghada, Red Sea Coast, Egypt Based on RAPD Markers
Mohammed
EL-Mahdi
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Biology, Zoology Department
Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprints were obtained for 4 Parrotfishes (genus Scarus) namely, Scarus collana Rüppell 1835; Scarus frenatus Lacepède 1802; Scarus (Chlorurus) sordidus Forsskål 1775 andScarus niger Forsskål 1775 using RAPD-PCR typing technique. A total of 111 bands (ranging from 200 to 2000 base pair) were produced, 13 monomorphic (common) and 98 polymorphic (88.29% level of polymorphism). The Scarus frenatus recorded highest band frequencies among studied species. Under phenetic approaches "clustering using unweighted pair group method average (UPGMA) based on Nei-72 genetic distance, principal coordinate analysis (PCOA), and neighbour joining (NJ) based on pairwise mean character differences", the studied scarids formed two groups as sister taxa and most likely to have the most common ancestor. There is a close genetic relatedness among group members [Scarus collana/Scarus niger and Scarus frenatus/Scarus sordidus]. According to parsimony (Cladistic) analysis, RAPD markers obtained are reliable and phylogenetically instructive. The four parrotfishes are related, but S. frenatus, S. sordidus, and S. niger have a close evolutionary relationships. Splitting of Scarus collana as basal group suggested a common ancestor having unique features (synapomorphies) be inherited in the studied parrotfishes. This study’s results possibly provide useful information about the genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships among parrotfishes.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
79
94
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13658_80a72e60e8edd18923faceac834c4cc2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13658
Molecular Phylogenetic Taxonomy of Some Parrotfish Species (Perciformes, Scaridae) From the Red Sea Using -Actin Gene
Fayza
Aly
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523, Egypt
author
Mohammad
Allam
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
a--actin gene (ACTA 1) was studied as a potential phylogenetic marker for selected members of Subfamily Scarinea (Scaridae, Perciformes). The samples collected from the Red Sea. The nucleotide sequences of six parrotfish (Scarus niger, Scarus fuscopurpureus, Scarus ferrugineus, Scarus psittacus, Chlorurus gibbus and Hipposcarus harid)were analyzed with respect to their molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationships among themselves and other related percoid species depending on available sequence data. a-skeletal muscle actin gene segments isolated from the skeletal muscle of the six species that were sequenced and recorded in gene bank with the Accession number for the first time. The six-nucleotide sequences compared to fourteen other percoid sequences from Gene Bank/NCBI, altogether comprising 20 percoid sequences and 3 outgroup sequences (Order Scoraeniformes). The scores of p-distance and sequence divergence of the alpha-skeletal muscle actin gene among the tested species were calculated. Studied A+T of the six sequence rates were variant between 44.4 and 52.4 % for all species. The phylogenetic trees for 23 species (6 parrotfish and 14 sequences of other percoid families from GeneBank together with 3 fishes as outgroup) were developed using actin gene and 5 different analytical approaches: Neighbour Joining (NJ), Minimum Evolution (ME), Maximum Parsimony (MP), Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference method (BI). The analysis revealed a monophyletic origin for the five tested species of the scarinea, which was the principal subfamily investigated (87, 92, 100, 88 and 100% support in our NJ, ME, MP, ML and BI analyses, respectively). While the sixth species Scarus fuscopurpureus of the tested fishes formed a complete separate clade that indicates this species more related to genus labrus than genus scarus .The phylogenetic implications of actin gene or other phylogenetic markers in the family Scaridae or even all families of Order Perciformes until now were shortly discussed.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
95
113
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13659_b7d1dbcf2125b1584105f4144377526f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13659
In vitro Antiproliferation Effect of Atriplex halimus L. Crude Extract on Human Cell Lines by Induction of Apoptosis and G2/M phase Arrest.
Neima
Al-Senosy
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
A.
Abou-Eisha
Department of Cell Biology, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza
author
Ekram
Ahmad
Department of Cell Biology, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza
author
text
article
2018
eng
Current clinical ways include the usage of medicinal plants as therapeutic agents in a large scale of applications. The present study is focused on the anticancer activity of the methanolic extract of Atriplex halimus and the likely underlying mechanisms were also investigated. Results exhibited that the extract had an antiproliferative effect and highly cytotoxicity in cancer cells, Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) (IC50 = 54.86 μg/ml), against the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) with IC50 value of 153.6 μg/ml and lung cancer cell line (A549) (IC50 = 101.9 μg/ml). In contrast, this extract exhibited no induces growth inhibition (did not cytotoxic activity) on normal cell lines. Flow cytometric analysis of propidium iodide staining detected that the treatment of HepG2 cells with A. halimus led to increase G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. The data obtained from acridine orange/ethidium bromide(AO/EtBr) protocol showed the morphological characters of apoptosis such as apoptotic bodies, nuclear fragmentation and chromatin condensation; in addition, necrotic cells were observed. The real time-PCR and western blotting techniques were used to measure the mRNA levels of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 genes and proteins expression. The apoptotic process triggered by A. halimus involved the upregulation of p53 and Bax and the downregulation of Bcl-2 in both techniques. These data indicated that A. halimus exhibited antiproliferative effect by a cell cycle blocking at the G2/M phase and apoptosis mediated cytotoxicity in carcinoma cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that A. halimus could be a good candidate species as a natural source of anticancer agents.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
115
126
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13660_521100ebfeef312379a5776de27a867b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13660
Association Between Caffeinated Beverages, Body Mass Index, And Academic Stress in Medical Students of Hail University - A Cross-Sectional, Questionnaire-Based Study
Abdullah
Aljarboa
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
author
Majed
Al Ghassab
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
author
Nawaf
Almuzaini
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
author
Adeeb
Alshammari
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
author
Sasikumar
Dhanarasu
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
author
Samir
Qiblawi
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background:Medical students are exposed to high academic stress and many of these students consume caffeinated beverages to enhance their performance. Short-term effects of caffeine consumption include enhanced mood and alertness. A lot of research was done on the association between caffeinated beverages consumption and its effect on academic load and stress, but there is no data concerning the students' perception of Hail University, especially medical students. The current study aimed to present cross-sectional data from the different educational level to investigate associations between caffeinated beverages, BMI, academic performance and stress in medical students of Hail University.
Methodology:This study was conducted with medical students (both male and female) at University of Hail between 2nd March 2018 and 18th March 2018. Data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire from 258 students. The questions included were about demographics, types. and number of cups per day of caffeine consumption and reasons for consuming. Academic stress and load on a five-point scale and also asked the effects and satisfaction of caffeinated beverages.
Results: The participation rate was 73.26%. The sample included 36 (19%), 32 (16.9%), 27 (14.3%), 54 (28.6%), 19 (10.1%) and 21 (11.1 %) of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th year students respectively. The subjects were aged between 18 and 29 years [90 (47.6%) male and 99 (52.4%) female]. Comparatively black coffee, Arabian coffee and tea have more than other types of beverages and also these were high in obese students compare with other caffeinated beverages.
Overall most of the students' feel their self-perceived academic load were average (45.5%) or above average (29.1%). Academic stress with drinking more caffeinated beverages were reflected in academic performance. Increased caffeinated beverages drinking showed with increased effects of their anxiety and academic performance.
Conclusion: The prevalence of caffeinated beverage consumption was high with black coffee and Arabian coffee being the most frequently consumed of the beverages. Caffeinated beverages consumption, particularly, increased in academic stress and were used mainly to academic performance.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0767
10
v.
1
no.
2018
127
138
https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_13661_95a99e0182542311898647dd3f4b2c8e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2018.13661